As more premature infants survive the immediate neonatal period and re quire prolonged periods of hospitalization, researchers in fetal devel opment and infancy have begun to reassess the strategies for their car e. In the past, the focus of neonatal intensive care was to sustain li fe, with little attention to the quality and implications of survival. Today, however, researchers and clinicians are seeking to enhance the development of these small infants by ameliorating the effects of ext reme prematurity and the associated medical and surgical complications . This book reports the work of leading researchers who have begun to use a variety of developmental interventions in the management of smal l infants in neonatal intensive care units.